THE PEOPLE
Population:
10,264,156 (1991 census-estimate). More than 4 m. Greeks are estimated to live
abroad, including over 2 m. in America. Urban: 57.7%. Rural: 42.%. Density:
77.8 inhabitants per sq.km. Sex distribution: Male: 49.2%. Female:50.8%. Life
expectancy: males 72.2 years (1985), females 76.4 years (1985)
Religious
affiliations: Of all citizens of the Hellenic Republic 97.6% are Greek Orthodox,
1.3% Muslim, 0.4% Roman Catholic, 0.1% Protestant, 0.6% other, including Jews.The
Greek Orthodox Church is autocephalous, with its own Charter but indissolubly
united in doctrine with the Great Church of Constantinople, i.e. the Ecumenical
Patriarchate.On the peninsula of Chalkidiki, located in southeastern Macedonia,
is the famous Mount Athos, where a number of monasteries of the Greek Orthodox
Church form, as they have for centuries, an autonomous monastic community.
Language: The Greek language with a documented record spanning three and a half millennia is a strong element of national continuity. Modern Greek derives from the same idiom used by Homer. Greek is also the language of the Gospels. The Greek alphabet and the Greek language have contributed much to all western languages.Today's Greeks, however, are the only ones who ensure this linguistic continuity. In this respect Greek is to be distinguished sharply from Latin that generated numerous neo-latin languages from Rumanian to Portuguese before it became itself extinct.